Abstract Panel


Authors Information
SequenceTypeName TitleFirst NameLast NameDepartmentInstitute / Affiliation
1 Author Dr. Elena Soboleva South and Southwest Asia Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS
2 Author Prof. Nina Krasnodembskaya South and Southwest Asia Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS
Abstract Information
TrackID
:
IUAES23_ABS_E7604
Abstract Theme
:
P019 - Anthropology of Sports: Enlivening past and envisioning future
Abstract Title
:
Circus, sports and magic in the performing arts/rituals of the Sinhalese (Sri Lanka)
Short Abstract
:
In the modern world, the circus seems to be a purely folk (and even children's) entertainment of a low intellectual level. The authors consider this phenomenon (on the example of Sri Lanka) in a historical perspective, in the category of performing arts, sports and rituals. It is assumed that in ancient times these types of representations could serve as serious magical means, and in the context of high, even royal, power.
Long Abstract
:

<p>The circus demonstrates the extraordinary, exceptional capabilities of a person - tightrope walker, equilibrist, trainer of predatory animals, etc. From the spectacular arts of Sri Lanka, theatrical <em>demonic</em> rituals in masks are famous, now also the<em> Kolam</em> mask theater and the puppet theater close to it in spirit and forms. The demonic theater is a religious, ritual performance associated with the traditions of Sinhalese folk medicine: it is part of a certain cult with its own priest and special practice. Some unusual abilities are required from the dancers. All these types of performances are ritual, ceremonial, and not just entertaining enterprises. They are held in certain seasons and are timed to coincide with specific holidays. Their common meaning is the renewal of being, the harmonization of a person and a living space, that is, <em>magical</em>. Competitions were perceived, where the highest, amazing human capabilities were manifested. The circus in Sri Lanka is mostly visiting, with the exception of the Dehiwala elephant circus; sports are varied, including those borrowed from Western culture. Chariot competitions, wrestling, and cockfights were common among sports spectacles in Lanka. These magical performances were valued in the upper strata of society: images of the athletes&rsquo; combat decorate the palaces (cf. episodes from the life of King Rajasinha II, etc.). The ancient circus traditions, already in the field of fine arts, turned out to be captured in an interesting way: in a set of ornamental compositions, drawings of animals and objects made up of acrobatic positions of people (in a certain number - 5, 7, 9) are found (an elephant, a jug, a chariot, etc.).Such patterns are located on temple curtains (ritual objects); the figures of the compositions themselves are favorably magical. The circus could only be a powerful magical tool, perhaps also to maintain royal power.</p>

Abstract Keywords
:
sports, circus. Sri Lanka, magic, power